The Bio-Ecological Model of Human Development Research Paper

The Bio-Ecological Model of Human Development - Research Paper Example It is a model that traces the development of an individual throughout the life course of an individual. It is with this genesis that a summary of the four systems and their influence on the development of a child will be evaluated. Consequently, the differences existing in the model with be delineated and the factors outside the model that influence that development of a child discussed. Moreover, the relationship and interactions of the systems will be delineated in bid to address the impact of the relationships in the development of a child. The Bio-ecological model and its related research designs is an evolving theoretical system for the scientific study of human development from the perspective of individuals and groups. This paper will be aimed at addressing the thesis statement: Bioecological model has a significant role in a child’s development (Berns, 2009). Summary of the Four Systems and the Influences that they have on a Child’s Development To place the bioe cological theory of human development in its wider context, it is important to note that many of the perspectives postulated as a body of the theory are integral parts of other relevant thoughts on empirical enquiry into the concept of human development. ... lly its interdisciplinary and integrative approach to development through the age periods of childhood and adolescence is important in formulation of policies and programs necessary in promoting youth and family development. The bioecological model aims at unifying the research studies that have been conducted and affirms that the development of an individual is influenced by four ecological systems. This includes: macrosystem, microsystem, mesosystem and exosystem. These four systems interact in a manner that shapes the development of an individual throughout the life course. These systems work in harmony in shaping the intra-individuality of a child, depending on the contexts in which the child is exposed to. In order to garner an in depth understanding of the bioecological model, each system will be reviewed and its influence on child development explained in bid to address the thesis that the bioecological system influences the development of a child (Bronfenbrenner, & Morris, 20 06). Microsystem: is the initial context (primary) which the child is exposed to at the first stages of his development. It entails the interpersonal relationships that the child experiences during development as the child interacts with the social and physical aspects of context. The microsystem is the layer closest to the child encompassing all the structures in direct contact with the child. It therefore defines the relationships and interactions that a child develops within its immediate surroundings. These factors either enhance or inhibit the development of the child. Being the initial development environment, it also influences the development of the child in other subsequent environments. The micro environment includes the child’s family, school, peers and religious activities

Factor influencing the consumers' intention to purchase online the Essay

Factor influencing the consumers' intention to purchase online the retail industry in Thailand perspective - Essay Example Shopping in the digital marketplaces has given rise to a new dimension to many businesses (Demangeot and Broderick, 2007). The method and pattern of online shopping is way different from the traditional approach of shopping. The difference in online and non online business transactions generates maximum impact on consumers, thus it is important to analyze consumers online buying decisions. E-commerce shows that this business pattern does not abide by the rules of traditional consumer behavior. Thus, it becomes an important task for all the internet retail firms to evaluate the factors that determine the consumer purchase decisions in the online markets. With the help of knowledge of such a research, the online retail business firms would be able to formulate efficient strategies by which they would be able to attract potential customers in the e-markets. In the habitual business dealings, the buyers are physically present at the time of purchases. They empirically observe the final g oods or services before they actually make the purchase decisions. However, in the course of online purchases, the buyers are only able to see the products virtually in the web pages. Thus, the distinguishing aspect of online purchase decisions provides high enthusiasm to the sellers, who desire to understand whether such modes of business would affect them positively or adversely. The literature review depicts the various empirical and theoretical studies that focus on the consumer purchase intensions in the online retail markets. It is found by Goldsmith and Goldsmith in 2002 that most of the individuals who have used internet facility to shop have trust in the process. The consumers who make purchases over the internet are generally more risky lovers that the consumers who avoid online transactions (Donthu, 1999). In the modern era online retailers have found ways to gain customer loyalty in their business transactions (Papadopoulou et al., 2001). Problems regarding security are primary, when it comes to online selling. If this problem is eliminated then most of the consumers are estimated to go for online dealings (Udo, 2001). It is believed that online business would improve if the businesses firms can make consumers believe that their websites are protected (Fenech and O’Cass, 2001). It is empirically found that the Thai consumers are highly attracted to such new modes of shopping destinations. Thus, at this juncture it is rational to study the underlying factors that determine the online purchase intensions of the Thai customers. 1.2 Rational The research aims to analyze the consumer behaviour of Thailand at the stand of online purchases. The study will focus in the consumers of Thailand altogether, it will include the ones who make online purchases and also include the ones who never go to the digital market places. The underlying motivating factor for this research work is the massive population strength of Thailand, which accounts for almost 6 7 million. In 2011 it has been estimated that the percentage of internet users have increased to almost 27.4% in Thailand. The total number of internet users was 2300000 in 2000, which increased to approximately 178310000 in 2001. Moreover, it is also estimated that the aggregate rise in internet usage has augmented by almost 660.3%